Eye problems

Definition of the eye

The eye is that small organ whose width and depth does not exceed one inch, and its length is not more than 0.9 inch. Despite the small size of the eye, it is one of the high value sense organs of the human being, as the eye senses light, and sends signals through the optic nerve to the brain that allows to see things, and distinguish between the colors and depths, as can be seen 10 million color remained by the eye, in addition to that of the human eye 200 degree viewing angle, and here it can be said that the human eye is a member of a complex structure, ^[1] they contain parts and structures Several work with each other in an integrated manner to obtain a clear view of things, and from the structures in the human eye: tear ducts, lens, retina, pupil, iris, and corneaAnd the optic nerve, and in the event that these parts are subjected to a defect, or a certain disorder, this inevitably leads to the emergence of a number of different eye problems. ^[2]

Eye problems

Eye problems are common among individuals, as these problems differ among themselves in severity and severity, some of them are mild and heal on their own, or by resorting to simple home treatment, and some of them are severe and require specialized medical care, ^{[3] and} what follows may be summarized. A number of different eye problems are explained as follows: ^[2]

• Cataract : It is one of the common problems among the elderly, as the patient suffers from blurring of vision, and seeing halos around things, which is caused by a darkening of the lens of the eye .
• Amblyopia: , known as the lazy eye problem, and it is one of the problems that may appear on the child before the age of six, as the problem of amblyopia occurs as a result of the lack of development of vision in the eyes.
• Retinal detachment: This shows the problem as a result of the separation of the retina from the back of the eye.
• Diabetic retinopathy , a vascular damage in the retina , which occurs as a result of diabetes.
• Glaucoma: (Glaucoma): Glaucoma is one of the common causes of blindness , and it can be defined as high pressure of the fluid inside the eye, which may result in damage to the optic nerve.
• Age - related macular degeneration: This problem is more common among individuals aged over 60 years, and is in a gradual damage to the component cells of the eye spot.
• Dry Eye Syndrome attributed the cause of the occurrence of this syndrome to the presence of problems in the channels of tears , or tears in the formation process, which leads to a lack of tears in the eye.
• Refractive error: which occurs as a result of the eye which prevents the concentration of light on the retina, it is worth mentioning that there is a form of several types of refractive errors, including the following: ^[4]
  • Astigmatism, which is the condition associated with the eye's inability to focus light evenly on the retina.
  • Farsightedness, or farsightedness , which is the vision of distant objects with greater clarity, compared to the clarity of seeing close objects.
  • Presbyopia (presbyopia), which is a vision problem in which the sufferer suffers from difficulty focusing on close objects, and it is one of the eye problems associated with aging.
  • Myopia . A person with this disorder can see close things clearly, while he suffers from blurring in seeing distant things.
• Color blindness: It is the condition that is associated with the patient's inability to see certain colors , or to distinguish between colors. ^[3]
• Conjunctivitis: is defined as the inflammation that affects the conjunctiva, which is the tissue that covers the sclera, and the eyelid from the inside. ^[3]
• Uveitis: Uveitis is a description of a group of diseases that cause inflammation of the uvea, and may result in the destruction of eye tissue. ^[3]
• Eye strain: eye strain as a result of excessive use occurs in the eye while reading, or work on the computer. ^[3]
• Inflammation of the eyelid: which is the inflammation that affects the eyelids and lashes, leads to irritation, itching, and redness of the eye and eyelid peels on the appearance of cilia. ^[5]
• Chocoeba: Acanthamoeba is a type of organism that may infect the eye and cause keratitis . ^[5]
• Chalazion: a lump that appears as a result of the blockage of the sebaceous gland in the eyelid, and its swelling. ^[5]
• Eye floaters : Floaters cause images and shadows in the field of vision to float in the liquid that fills the inside of the eye. ^[5]

The risk of developing eye diseases

There are a group of factors that may play a role in increasing the risk of developing eye diseases and problems, and some of them can be mentioned as follows: ^[6]

• Belonging to a specific ethnic group, for example, people from South Asian societies are more likely to have diabetes , which is sometimes associated with the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy as one of its complications.
• Having a family history of eye diseases.
• Advance in age, over sixty years old.
• Suffering from educational obstacles or barriers.

Maintain eye integrity

There are a group of behaviors that are advised to follow in order to maintain the integrity of the eye , and some of them can be mentioned as follows: ^[7]

• Wearing eye shields while handling dangerous chemicals or eye irritants.
• Make sure to wash your hands before putting on contact lenses.
• Adhere to wearing contact lenses for the period determined by the doctor or the manufacturer.
• Ensure that eye examinations are performed regularly, especially if there is a family history of eye diseases.
• Quit Smoking.
• Avoid eyestrain associated with using a computer, as it is advised to look away from the computer screen every twenty minutes at an object twenty feet away, for a period of not less than twenty seconds.
• Make sure to wear sunglasses when outside.

References

1. ↑ Troy Bedinghaus, “The Anatomy of the Eye and How It Works” , www.verywellhealth.com , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.
2. ^ ^{A b} "About The Eye 's Trade shows All: , Structure, Function, And the Common Conditions" , Www.healthline.com , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.
3. ^ ^{A b t w c} " . Top Causes Of Eye 's Problems" , the www.webmd.com , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.
4. ↑ "Common vision problems" , nei.nih.gov , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.
5. ^ ^{A b t w} "Glossary Of the Common Eye 's Vision & Conditions" , Www.aoa.org , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.
6. ↑ "Healthy body" , www.nhs.uk , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.
7. ↑ Zawn Villines, "Top 10 foods for healthy eyes" , www.medicalnewstoday.com , Retrieved 13-5-2019. Edited.