What is the normal sugar level for a diabetic

Written By The HealthMeth Team - Updated On Saturday, October 2, 2021 1:00 PM

Diabetes

The term diabetes refers to a group of disorders that disrupt the body's use of sugar, scientifically known as Glucose, which is the primary energy source for the brain and one of the most important sources of cellular energy for all cells that make up body tissues and muscles. High blood sugar level, regardless of the type of diabetes, although its causes differ according to its type, and this increase in sugar may lead to the occurrence of many serious health problems. [1]

To learn more about diabetes, you can read the following article: ( What is diabetes ) .


The normal blood sugar level for a diabetic

Careful monitoring of the blood sugar level is the only way to ensure that the blood sugar level is controlled and maintained within the recommended range, although blood sugar levels may change unexpectedly even with a good follow-up of the readings, but with the help of the doctor and the case-based staff, the diabetic will learn how to predict a response And the sugar level in his body changed according to various factors; Including types of food, drugs, diseases, movement activity, and tension, in addition to hormonal disorders if the affected woman is female. [2]


The patient may measure the sugar level four or more times a day, depending on the treatment plan used, if he is taking insulinGlycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), which reflects your blood sugar level over the past two to three months; As the results of this test help to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment plan, in the event that high readings are obtained when taking it, this may give an indication of the need to make changes to the patient's diet pattern or adjust insulin doses or oral diabetes medications prescribed for the case.[2]


Fasting glucose test

The Fasting Blood Sugar Test measures your fasting blood glucose level. That is, at least eight hours before the patient eats and drinks, and therefore the best time to do the test is in the morning before eating breakfast. [3] [4] The fasting sugar level varies from one patient to another depending on a number of factors such as the age of the patient and the duration of his diabetes And the average life expectancy, in addition to the cognitive state, the extent of awareness of low blood sugar, the general health of the patient and the presence of any complications of diabetes in the heart and blood vessels, and therefore it is necessary for the patient to discuss with his attending physician his general diabetes condition and the most appropriate fasting sugar rate To him, [5]In general, the normal range of fasting sugar ranges between 80-130 mg / dL in men and women who are not pregnant, according to the American Diabetes Association classification, [5] and for older adults the normal reading is between 100-140 mg / dL. [6]


Random sugar test

As the name implies, the random glucose test measures the blood sugar level during any time of the day regardless of food intake, [4] where the American Diabetes Association recommends conducting the test an hour or two after eating a meal when the sugar is at that time. At its highest levels in diabetics, and the acceptable result is less than 180 mg / dL for adult men and women with diabetes, and less than 200 mg / dL for the elderly, and it is worth noting that what applies to the previous examination applies to the random sugar test. Meaning that the results differ according to all the factors that we mentioned previously, and therefore the patient must inquire about the optimal random sugar rate for his condition from his doctor. [6] [5]


Cumulative glucose test

It is preferable that the reading of this test for people with type 2 diabetes does not exceed 7% according to what is reported by the American Diabetes Association, and the more tightly the patient controls his sugar level and the lower the cumulative sugar result (glycosylated hemoglobin), the less chance of complications at the level of the small blood vessels, provided It does not have to modify any target effects test negative ratio on the functioning of the treatment line was causing a lack of blood sugar ; The association recommends reducing the target screening result to 6.5% in people with diabetes who were diagnosed from a short period of time who do not suffer from cardiovascular disorders, and it is appropriate to raise the target percentage to about 8% in the following cases: [7]

  • Having other diseases besides diabetes.
  • A previous history of severe hypoglycemia.
  • The development of advanced complications related to large or small blood vessels.
  • Low life expectancy.


In general, diabetes for more than 10 years or cases of a concomitant disease that requires taking a group of drugs in addition to insulin requires that the target hemoglobin glycosylate percentage be less than 8%, and this percentage can be achieved on an individual basis for each individual patient according to his condition. As for those who suffer from complications in the small blood vessels or chronic disease, or if the life expectancy is more than 5 years, there is no point in reducing the percentage of this examination so that a reading of 8-9% is appropriate for this case. [8]

To learn more about the cumulative diabetes analysis, you can read the following article: ( Cumulative Glucose Analysis ) .


Tips to maintain the level of sugar within the acceptable limits for a patient with diabetes

The severe fluctuations in the level of blood sugar in diabetics can be avoided by making some lifestyle adjustments, which include the following: [9] [10]

  • Following an appropriate diet: focusing on the following:
    • Find the most appropriate dietary routine for the victim. Some people can achieve control of diabetes through regularity at mealtimes daily, because eating a large amount of food at one time will increase the level of sugar significantly and suddenly, taking into account that eating insufficient quantities of food or reducing the amount of carbohydrates that the patient used to If consumed, it may cause the sugar level to drop below the normal limit, especially with the use of some sugar-lowering drugs, and therefore it is always advisable to develop the appropriate diet in consultation with the doctor and then adhere to it well.
    • Calculating the amount of carbohydrates that a person with diabetes consumes and adjusting the dose of insulin as needed, by monitoring the quality of the food that the patient eats, and then measuring the level of sugar two hours after a meal to facilitate the follow-up of its effect on the state of diabetes in the patient.
    • Increase the fiber, despite the fact that most of its sources contain sugar and carbohydrates, the body does not easily digest the fiber and therefore the level of sugar is not affected by it, and it is recommended to start with about 25-30 grams of fiber and then gradually increase the amount with a lot of drinking water so that the person does not become constipated .
    • Drinking plenty of water by keeping a bottle of water in the ocean and consuming what is in it at all times; Not getting enough water may negatively affect blood sugar levels.
    • Avoid skipping meals, and make sure to eat them on time. Diabetics are advised to eat three main healthy meals and eat two snacks between meals.
  • Exercise and movement: taking into consideration the following points:
    • Adopting sports activity as a daily routine as soon as the doctor approves this, because activity and movement increase the body's sensitivity to insulin, and this in turn keeps the level of sugar in the blood stable, and it is possible to start aerobic exercises that raise the heart rate, such as cycling or walking at a rate of half an hour a day for five days a week, and if The patient could not achieve this goal, it is possible to be satisfied with five minutes as a start and then gradually increase the time, and resistance exercises can also be added to strengthen the muscles, which are a store of most blood glucose.
    • Choosing the appropriate time to exercise according to the patient's desire. Some prefer early morning exercises to keep the sugar level low within the acceptable range throughout the day.
    • Walk for 10-15 minutes after eating, instead of lethargy and laziness, to avoid high blood sugar and keep it within normal.
    • Measuring the level of sugar after completing exercise because it continues to affect blood sugar even after a day or two, and this helps the patient to understand how his body responds to the movement activity and to determine the activities that are most beneficial to his health.


References

  1. "Diabetes" , www.nchmd.org , Retrieved Jun.13.2020. Edited.
  2. ^ A b "Diabetes" , Www.mayoclinic.org , Retrieved Jun.14.2020. E not dited.
  3. "FASTING BLOOD SUGAR TEST" , www.summitmedicalgroup.com , Retrieved Jun 14.2020. Edited.
  4. ^ A b "What is random glucose testing?" , www.medicalnewstoday.com , Retrieved Jun.14.2020. Edited.
  5. ^ A b v "Blood Sugar Chart: What's the Normal Range for Blood Sugar?" , www.diabetesselfmanagement.com , Retrieved Jun.14.2020. Edited.
  6. ^ A b [ Http://journal.diabetes.org/diabetesspectrum/99v12n2/pg70.htm "Auto E Diabetes For Older Adults Gender: "], Journal.diabetes.org , Retrieved Jun.14.2020. Edited.
  7. “Setting Appropriate A1C Goals for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes” , www.medpagetoday.com , Retrieved Jun 14.2020. Edited.
  8. "Diabetes in Older Adults" , care.diabetesjournals.org , Retrieved Jun.14.2020. Edited.
  9. "8 Tips to Avoid Blood Sugar Dips and Spikes" , www.everydayhealth.com , Retrieved Jun 14.2020. Edited.
  10. "Controlling Blood Sugar Spikes With Diet, Exercise" , www.webmd.com , Retrieved Jun.14.2020. Edited.