What are the benefits of red tea

Red tea

Several types of drinks are described as tea, but the name originally belongs to each of green tea, black or red tea, white tea, and oolong tea , ^[1] and black tea is produced from the aged or fermented leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. , while green tea that has some different properties is made from the fresh leaves of the same plant, ^[2] and black tea contains a greater amount of caffeine compared to other teas and less than that found in coffee , as it is distinguished by its strong flavor, ^[3] As the process of fermentation and oxidation that tea leaves are exposed to helps increase their flavor. ^[4]

Benefits of red tea

Benefits of red tea according to the degree of effectiveness

Mostly Likely Effective

• Stimulation and reduced feeling of sleepiness: Drinking tea and other drinks containing caffeine helps improve attention and alertness even when not sleeping for long periods, ^[5] as one of the studies published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology in 2000 showed that consuming caffeinated drinks continuously and repeatedly It may contribute to maintaining cognitive and motor performance throughout the day and into the evening, and its results also showed that drinking tea throughout the day may have a similar effect to coffee in wakefulness. ^[6]

Possibly Effective

• Reducing the risk of osteoporosis and its fractures: One study published in Osteoporosis International in 2019, conducted on a group of women aged 38 to 86 years, showed that moderate drinking tea for long periods may contribute to increased bone density in women , ^[7] also show that tea consumption may reduce the risk of fractures for men and women alike, ^[8] where he showed an analysis of several studies published in Osteoporosis International magazine in 2019 that tea consumption contributes to reduce the risk of fractures in general, ^{[9 ]}On the other hand, drinking large amounts of tea that contains caffeine increases the amount of calcium excreted from the body through urine. Which may lead to weak bones, so it is advised not to exceed the amount of black tea consumed within between 2 to 3 cups per day, as eating more calcium helps to compensate for the lost calcium amount. ^[5]
• Reducing the risk of ovarian cancer: one of the studies published in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention in 2002 showed that drinking tea may contribute to reducing the risk of ovarian cancer , ^[10] but it is not beneficial in the case of a woman already suffering from this disease Or with some other types of cancer such as: breast cancer, uterine cancer, endometrial cancer, or uterine fibroids; As these types of cancer are sensitive to some hormones, such as estrogen ; Tea may act like the hormone estrogen, which means that drinking it may worsen the condition for women. ^[5]
• Reducing the risk of heart attack: One of the studies published in the American Journal of Epidemiology showed that drinking one or more cups of tea per day may help reduce the risk of myocardial infarction , or what is known as myocardial infarction. ^[11]
• Reducing the risk of developing Parkinson's disease: One study published in Annals of Neurology in 2001 showed that drinking moderate amounts of tea, at a rate of 1 to 3 cups per day, may help reduce the risk of developing Parkinson's disease , which is known as Also in the name of Parkinson's disease in women and men, ^[12] in another study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology in 2002, it was noted that the risk of developing Parkinson's disease was reduced in those who drink two or more cups of tea per day. ^[13]

There is insufficient evidence of effectiveness

• Reducing the incidence of atherosclerosis: A study conducted on mice and published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2004 showed that drinking tea contributes to reducing the risk of developing atherosclerosis , ^[14] and it is worth noting that the effect of tea in this disease may be stronger In women than men. ^[5]
• Reducing cholesterol levels in the blood: The results of studies have differed on the effect of drinking tea on blood cholesterol levels . A review of several studies published in the Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 2015 showed that drinking black tea helps reduce levels of harmful cholesterol in the body, especially in people at higher risk With cardiovascular disease, while no change in total cholesterol or good cholesterol levels was observed after drinking tea, ^[15] while a review of several other studies published in the journal PLOS One in 2014 showed that drinking black tea does not significantly contribute to reducing cholesterol levels. Bad, good cholesterol, or triglyceride levels. ^[16]
• Reducing the risk of death from coronary heart disease: The results of studies have differed on the relationship of drinking tea with heart disease in general, and coronary heart disease in particular. A study published in the Journal of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 2001 showed that consuming any food source that contains catechin such as black tea, chocolate, and apples, may help reduce the risk of death from coronary heart disease , ^[17] as well. A study published in the journal Preventive Medicine in 2003 showed that people who drank more than 6 cups of tea per day had a significantly lower prevalence of coronary heart disease than people who did not drink tea, ^[18] while other research indicated that drinking black tea was associated with an increased risk. The incidence or worsening of heart disease, ^[19]In general, people with heart disease are advised to beware of drinking tea. Because the caffeine in it may cause an irregular heartbeat in some of them. ^[2]
• Reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer: A study published in the Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer in 2017 showed that drinking large quantities of black tea affects levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 , which is known as CA19-9 ; It is one of the indicators that high blood levels are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, and thus drinking tea in large quantities may reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer . ^[20] It is worth noting that the bodies of healthy people may naturally contain small amounts of the carbohydrate antigen 19 -9, but its high blood levels are an indication of pancreatic cancer, as mentioned previously. ^[21]
• Reducing the risk of prostate cancer: A study published in The Journal of Nutrition in 2006 and conducted on 20 men showed that the polyphenols in black and green tea are transported in the human body when drinking them and reach prostate tissue , Which may contribute to reducing the risk of prostate cancer . ^[22]
• Reducing the risk of stroke: A study published in the journal Archives of Internal Medicine showed that the consumption of flavonoids in black tea may contribute to reducing the risk of stroke . ^[23]

Benefits of tea for blood pressure

The results of studies differed on the effect of drinking tea on blood pressure, as one of the reviews published in the journal PLOS ONE in 2014 indicated that drinking black tea regularly may contribute to reducing blood pressure levels, and although this effect may be minor, it is It may be important for cardiovascular health , ^[24] while another study published in the Journal of Hypertension showed that drinking tea leads to a greater increase in blood pressure than if caffeine were consumed alone, ^[25] as an analysis of a group of studies indicated, And it was published in Archives of Internal Medicine in 2007 that drinking tea has no effect on blood pressure. ^[26]It is worth noting that black tea contains caffeine may increase blood pressure in people who suffer from high blood pressure, but on the other hand, this does not seem to happen in people who drink black tea or other products that contain caffeine continuously, You can read more about the effect on blood pressure in the section Warning on using tea. ^[19]

To read more about tea and blood pressure, you can refer to our article on Tea and Blood Pressure .

Benefits of red tea for weight loss

Drinking black tea may enhance weight loss by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, which secrete some compounds that contribute to metabolism and energy consumption. ^[27] One study in mice, published in the European Journal of Nutrition, showed In 2018, black tea affected the beneficial bacteria in the intestines, and contributed to weight loss . This benefit may be attributed to the polyphenols present in it. ^[28] In addition, a study conducted on mice, published in The Journal of Nutrition in 1966, demonstrated 2014 that black tea may contribute to reducing the rate of visceral fat and inflammation, ^[29]Another study published in the European Journal of Medical Research in 2006 indicated that taking supplements containing green tea in addition to some other ingredients contributed to improving body components and reducing the percentage of fat in it, while it did not affect some other indicators such as weight or body mass index. , Or waist-to-hip ratio. ^[30]

Damage to red tea

The degree of safety of red tea

Drinking moderate amounts of black tea is often considered safe for most adults, while drinking more than 5 cups of it per day is likely to be unsafe . This may lead to many side effects due to the caffeine compound in it, and the severity of these effects ranges from mild to serious, including: headache, nervousness, sleep problems, vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, irregular heartbeat, and tremors.Heartburn, dizziness, ringing in the ears, convulsions, and confusion, and excessive consumption of drinks containing caffeine for a long time may lead to psychological dependence ; It is a condition that guarantees the emergence of symptoms such as anxiety when stopping a certain behavior, and drinking very large amounts of black tea, which may contain more than 10 grams of caffeine, is often considered unsafe, because it may cause severe side effects, but for pregnant and breastfeeding women, it is It is safe to drink black tea in small quantities, not more than two cups per day for pregnant women, and three cups per day for breastfeeding women, while it is safe to drink black tea in moderate quantities for children. ^[8]

Precautions for using red tea

Drinking black tea may lead to the emergence of side effects or exacerbate conditions in those infected or at risk of developing some health problems, including: ^[8]

• Anemia: The consumption of black tea may worsen anemia in people with iron deficiency.
• Anxiety disorders: The caffeine compound in black tea may worsen people with anxiety disorders.
• Blood clotting problems: The caffeine compound present in black tea may cause a decrease in the speed of blood clotting , which worsens the condition of people with blood clotting problems, and increases their risk of bleeding, and although these symptoms do not appear, these patients are advised to be careful when consuming drinks Containing caffeine.
• Heart problems: The caffeine in black tea may cause an irregular heartbeat in some people, as mentioned previously, so be careful when drinking it by people who suffer from heart disease.
• Diabetes: The caffeine in black tea might affect blood sugar levels, so people with diabetes should be careful when drinking it.
• Diarrhea: The caffeine in black tea might make diarrhea worse, especially when it is drunk in large quantities.
• Seizures: Drinking high doses of caffeine may cause seizures, just as it may reduce the effect of drugs used to prevent these attacks, so you should avoid consuming high doses of caffeine or drinks that contain it such as black tea.
• Blue water in the eye: As drinking black tea may increase pressure inside the eye, this increase occurs within 30 minutes and continues for at least 90 minutes after drinking tea, which may worsen the condition of people with blue water in the eye.
• Hormone-sensitive cases: black tea may worsen hormone-sensitive cases because it may act as the estrogen hormone as mentioned previously, so it is advised to avoid drinking it in such cases, which include: women with breast cancer , uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, or endometrial cancer Uterus, or uterine fibroids.
• High blood pressure: The caffeine in black tea may raise blood pressure in people with high blood pressure, but this effect does not appear in people who are used to drinking black tea or other products that contain caffeine.
• Irritable bowel syndrome: The caffeine in black tea may worsen diarrhea and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, especially when consumed in large quantities.
• Osteoporosis: Drinking black tea that contains caffeine may increase the amount of calcium lost through the urine, as mentioned previously, which leads to weakening of the bones, so you should not drink more than 2-3 cups of almost black tea. Calcium through food to replace lost calcium intake. Older women who have genetic traits that affect the way their bodies use vitamin D are also advised to beware of consuming large amounts of caffeine.
• Overactive bladder: Consuming caffeine in black tea may exacerbate symptoms of an overactive bladder, and it may increase the risk of developing an overactive bladder in some people.
• Kidney cancer: Some preliminary research has indicated that people who drink large amounts of black tea have a higher risk of developing kidney cancer . ^[5]

The disadvantages of frequent drinking tea

Although drinking tea in moderation is a healthy option for most people, the amount of tea consumed daily should not exceed 3 to 4 cups; This is to avoid some of the negative side effects mentioned previously in the section on the degree of safety of red tea. ^[31]

Damage to tea for pregnant women

Pregnant women can safely drink black tea in small quantities. Therefore, as mentioned previously, it is advised to avoid more than two cups per day, equivalent to 200 milligrams of caffeine, as consuming larger quantities than these may increase the risk of miscarriage or infection Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, and it may lead to other negative effects such as: Symptoms of caffeine withdrawal in newborns and low birth weight. ^[2]

Drug interactions of red tea

Drinking red tea may lead to a reaction with some drugs inside the body when they are taken together, and this may reduce the effectiveness of the drug or increase its side effects, and the severity of the tea reaction varies, as the drugs are classified into two types: drugs with a medium interaction, and drugs with interaction The weak, and an explanation of that follows: ^[8]

• Medicines of moderate interaction , such as:
  • Adenosine .
  • Quinolone antibiotic, examples of which are: ciprofloxacin , inoxacin , and norfloxacin .
  • Cimetidine .
  • Clozapine .
  • Dipyridamole .
  • Disulfiram .
  • Ephedrine .
  • Estrogens, such as estradiol, Ethinylestradiol, and Conjugated Equine Estrogens.
  • Fluvoxamine .
  • Lithium .
  • Depression medications , such as: phenelzine , and tranylcypromine .
  • Anti-clotting drugs, such as: aspirin, clopidogrel , and ibuprofen .
  • Pentobarbital .
  • Phenylpropanolamine.
  • Riluzole .
  • Stimulant drugs, such as epinephrine, Phentermine, and Diethylpropion.
  • Theophylline .
  • Verapamil .
  • Warfarin .
• Weak Reaction Medicines:
  • Contraceptive drugs.
  • Fluconazole .
  • Tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline (Amitriptyline) and imipramine (Imipramine).
  • Diabetes drugs, such as: benefits of boiled mint , glimepiride , and gliburide .
  • Mexiletine.
  • Phenothiazines such as; Fluphenazine , chloropromazine , and haloperidol .
  • Terbinafine .

Does the effect of tea change according to the time you drink it?

Are there benefits or harms to drinking tea on an empty stomach?

There are no studies that show the benefits or harms of drinking tea on an empty stomach, but consuming a concentrated extract of green tea that is made from the same plant from which black or red tea is made, ^[32] on an empty stomach may lead to more negative side effects than if it was consumed. After eating, according to a study published in Drug Safety in 2008. ^[33]

What is the effect of drinking tea with or immediately after eating?

A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 2017 showed that drinking tea while eating reduced the absorption of non-heme iron, but taking it at least one hour after a meal did not significantly reduce iron absorption. ^{[34] [35]}

Common questions about red tea

What are the benefits of mint tea

Many people used to add mint to tea when drinking it, but there are no studies that demonstrate the benefits of adding mint to tea, but mint is generally beneficial. Whereas, fresh or boiled peppermint leaves made from it may be used to relieve indigestion, intestinal cramps, headache, nausea and vomiting expected to occur after undergoing surgeries, and many other conditions. ^[36]

To learn more about the benefits of mint, read our article on the benefits of boiled mint .

What are the benefits of mint tea for men

There is no information about the benefits of mint tea for men in particular, but the tea, as mentioned previously, may contribute to reducing the risk of prostate cancer in men. ^[8]

Is tea good for children

Know the ingredients of tea before considering giving it to children. This is because it contains caffeine, ^[37] which reduces the number of hours of sleep and makes it intermittent, and it is worth noting that 90% of middle school and high school students get an average of sleep hours less than the recommended amount of sleep for this age group, which is 8 hours, and that According to a study published in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews in 2009, and drinks that contain caffeine may not be considered low in calories for adults since most of them may drink them without sweetening, but when these drinks are presented to children, they usually contain large amounts of sugar. This may lead to malnutrition and significant weight gain, ^[38]On the other hand, tea naturally contains tannins (Tannins) and oxalates that bind to iron and reduce its absorption in the body, and these compounds affect more on the non-heme iron found in Plant foods like; Beans, peas, green leafy vegetables and nuts, ^[34]

It is worth noting that one of the studies that was published in Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine in 2017, and conducted on a group of children ranging in age from 2 to 12 years, showed that drinking black tea may relieve diarrhea in children, but this benefit needs to be More studies confirm it, ^[39] as it was found that consuming black tea in large quantities may exacerbate diarrhea , due to its caffeine content, ^[19]

Is tea good for the teeth

There are no studies demonstrating the benefits of tea for the teeth, and one of the studies published in the Journal of Dentistry in 2001 showed that drinking black tea leads to erosion of tooth enamel , but more studies are still needed on this result. ^[40]

References

1. ↑ Julie Edgar (20-3-2009), "Types of Teas and Their Health Benefits" , www.webmd.com , Retrieved 2-4-2020. Edited.
2. ^ ^{A b t} "Black Tea" , Www.medlineplus.gov , 27-12-2019, Retrieved 2-4-2020. Edited.
3. ↑ Autumn Enloe (16-5-2018), "10 Evidence-Based Health Benefits of Black Tea" , www.healthline.com , Retrieved 2-4-2020. Edited.
4. ↑ Irene Dini (2019), Functional and Medicinal Beverages , United States: Academic Press, Page 1-40, Part 1. Edited.
5. ^ ^{A b t w c} "BLACK 's TEA" , Www.rxlist.com , Retrieved 2-4-2020. Edited.
6. ↑ Ian Hindmarch, U Rigney, N Stanley And Others (4-2000), “A naturalistic investigation of the effects of day-long consumption of tea, coffee and water on alertness, sleep onset and sleep quality” , Psychopharmacology , Issue 3, Folder 149, Page 203-216. Edited.
7. ↑ X Li, Y Qiao, C Yu And Others (2-2019), “Tea Consumption and Bone Health in Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Study” , Osteoporosis International , Issue 2, Folder 30, Page 333-341. Edited.
8. ^ ^{A b t w c} "BLACK 's TEA" , the www.webmd.com , Retrieved 16-4-2020. Edited.
9. ↑ W Xiang, K Gu, W Wang And Others (7-23-2019), “Tea consumption and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis” , Osteoporosis International , Issue 10, Folder 30, Page 1941-1951. Edited.
10. ↑ Min Zhang, Colin Binns And Andy Lee (2002-8), “Tea Consumption and Ovarian Cancer Risk” , Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention , Issue 8, Folder 11, Page 713-718. Edited.
11. ↑ Howard Sesso, J Gaziano, Julie Buring And Others (1-15-1999), “Coffee and Tea Intake and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction” , American Journal of Epidemiology , Issue 2, Folder 149, Page 162-167. Edited.
12. ↑ Alberto Ascherio, Shumin Zhang, Miguel Hernán And Others (2001-7), “Prospective study of caffeine consumption and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women” , Annals of Neurology , Issue 1, Folder 50, Page 56-63. Edited.
13. ↑ Harvey Checkoway, Karen Powers, Terri Weller And Others (15-4-2002), “Parkinson's Disease Risks Associated with Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Caffeine Intake” , American Journal of Epidemiology , Issue 8, Folder 155, Page 732– 738. Edited.
14. ^ Joe Vinson, Karolyn Teufel And Nancy Wu (2004), “Green and Black Teas Inhibit Atherosclerosis by Lipid, Antioxidant, and Fibrinolytic Mechanisms” , Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , Issue 11, Folder 52, Page 3661-3665. Edited.
15. ↑ Yimin Zhao, Sailimuhan Asimi, Kejian Wu And Others (2015), “Black Tea Consumption and Serum Cholesterol Concentration: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials” , Clinical Nutrition , Issue 4, Folder 34, Page 612-9. Edited.
16. ↑ Dongmei Wang, Canhuang Chen, Yu Wang And Others (9/19-2014), “Effect of Black Tea Consumption on Blood Cholesterol: A Meta-Analysis of 15 Randomized Controlled Trials” , PLOS One , Issue 9, Folder 9, Page e107711. Edited.
17. ↑ Ilja Arts, Peter Hollman, Edith Feskens And Others (2001-8-1), "Catechin intake might explain the inverse relation between tea consumption and ischemic heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study" , The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , Issue 2 , Folder 74, Page 227-232. Edited.
18. ↑ Iman Hakim, Mohammed Alsaif, Mansour Alduwaihy And Others (2003), "Tea Consumption and the Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease in Saudi Adults: Results from A Saudi National Study" , Preventive Medicine , Issue 1, Folder 36, Page 64-70 . Edited.
19. ^ ^{A b t} "Black Tea" , Www.emedicinehealth.com , Retrieved 14-4-2020. Edited.
20. ↑ Ali Al-Janabi And Ekhlas Tawfeeq (2017), “Interfering Effect of Black Tea Consumption on Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer by CA 19-9” , Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer , Issue 2, Folder 48, Page 148-150. Edited.
21. ↑ "CA 19-9 Blood Test (Pancreatic Cancer)" , www.medlineplus.gov , 2-24-2020, Retrieved 4-4-2020. Edited.
22. ↑ Susanne Henning, William Aronson, Yantao Niu And Others (1-7-2006), “Tea Polyphenols and Theaflavins Are Present in Prostate Tissue of Humans and Mice after Green and Black Tea Consumption” , The Journal of Nutrition , Issue 7, Folder 136, Page 1839--1843. Edited.
23. ↑ Sirving Keli, Michael Hertog, Edith Feskens And Others (25-3-1996), “Dietary Flavonoids, Antioxidant Vitamins, and Incidence of Stroke” , Archives of Internal Medicine , Issue 6, Folder 156, Page 637-642. Edited.
24. ↑ Arno Greyling, Rouyanne Ras, Peter Zock And Others (2014), “The Effect of Black Tea on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials” , PLOS ONE , Issue 7, Folder 9, Page e103247. Edited.
25. ^ Jonathan Hodgson, Ian Puddey, Valerie Burke And Others (1999), “Effects on blood pressure of drinking green and black tea” , Journal of Hypertension , Issue 4, Folder 17, Page 457--463. Edited.
26. ↑ Dirk Taubert, Renate Roesen And Edgar Schömig (9-4-2007), “Effect of Cocoa and Tea Intake on Blood Pressure” , Archives of Internal Medicine , Issue 7, Folder 167, Page 626-634. Edited.
27. ↑ Roxanne Moster (2-10-2017), "Black tea may help with weight loss, too" , www.newsroom.ucla.edu , Retrieved 4-15-2020. Edited.
28. ↑ Susanne Henning, Jieping Yang, Mark Hsua And Others (2018), “Decaffeinated green and black tea polyphenols decrease weight gain and alter microbiome populations and function in diet-induced obese mice” , European Journal of Nutrition , Issue 8, Folder 57, Page 2759--2769. Edited.
29. ↑ David Heber, Yanjun Zhang, Jieping Yang And Others (2014), “Green Tea, Black Tea, and Oolong Tea Polyphenols Reduce Visceral Fat and Inflammation in Mice Fed High-Fat, High-Sucrose Obesogenic Diets” , The Journal of Nutrition , Issue 9, Folder 144, Page 1385--1393. Edited.
30. ↑ T Opala, P Rzymski, I Pischel And Others (30-8-2006), “Efficacy of 12 Weeks Supplementation of a Botanical Extract-Based Weight Loss Formula on Body Weight, Body Composition and Blood Chemistry in Healthy, Overweight Subjects-- A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial " , European Journal of Medical Research , Issue 8, Folder 11, Page 343-350. Edited.
31. ↑ Ansley Hill (26-11-2019), "9 Side Effects of Drinking Too Much Tea" , www.healthline.com , Retrieved 4-15-2020. Edited.
32. ↑ Sharon O'Brien (6-11-2019), “Green Tea vs Black Tea: Which One Is Healthier?” , Www.healthline.com , Retrieved 15-4-2020. Edited.
33. ↑ Marilyn Barrett, Mary Chavez, Dandapantula Sarma And Others (2-2008), "Safety of Green Tea Extracts" , Drug Safety , Issue 6, Folder 31, Page 469--484. Edited.
34. ^ ^{A b} Cathy Wong 's (6-12-2019), "Can Drinking Tea by Iron Hinder From S Food Absorption?" , Www.verywellhealth.com , Retrieved 15-4-2020. Edited.
35. ↑ Salma Fuzi, Dagmar Koller, Sylvaine Bruggraber And Others (18-10-2017), “A 1-h time interval between a meal containing iron and consumption of tea attenuates the inhibitory effects on iron absorption: a controlled trial in a cohort of healthy UK women using a stable iron isotope " , American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , Issue 6, Folder 106, Page 1413--1421. Edited.
36. ↑ "PEPPERMINT" , www.webmd.com , Retrieved 4-15-2020. Edited.
37. ↑ Ashley Marcin (11-12-2019), “Herbal Teas for Toddlers: What's Safe and What's Not” , www.healthline.com , Retrieved 4-15-2020. Edited.
38. ↑ Jennifer Temple (6-2009), “Caffeine Use in Children: What we know, what we have left to learn, and why we should worry” , Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews , Issue 6, Folder 33, Page 793--806. Edited.
39. ↑ Sareh Doustfatemeh, Mohammad Imanieh, Abdolali Mohagheghzade And Others (1-2017), “The Effect of Black Tea (Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze) on Pediatrics With Acute Nonbacterial Diarrhea” , Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine , Issue 1, Folder 22, Page 114--119. Edited.
40. ↑ P Brunton, A Hussain (2001-11), “The Erosive Effect of Herbal Tea on Dental Enamel” , Journal of Dentistry , Issue 8, Folder 29, Page 517-520. Edited.